Bosnia and Herzegovina
Intro
The country’s tripartite power-sharing model reflects the legacy of the 1992-1995 war. Bosnia is supervised by an international High Representative and aspires to EU and NATO membership. Economic growth is modest and heavily dependent on remittances.
Background
The Dayton Peace Agreement (1995) ended one of Europe’s bloodiest post-Cold War conflicts. Ethnic division persists through parallel institutions in the Federation and Republika Srpska. EU integration is gradual, constrained by governance reform and external influence from Serbia and Russia.
History
- 1992: Independence and start of Bosnian War – 1995: Dayton Peace Agreement establishes federal structure – 2004: NATO-led stabilization mission replaced by EUFOR – 2022: EU candidate status granted – 2020s: Ongoing reform and national unity efforts
Present Day
In 2025, Bosnia navigates between stagnation and gradual EU reform under renewed regional mediation. Security remains stable but fragile under external pressure from Russia and local nationalist movements.
Future Outlook
Progress toward EU integration depends on constitutional reform and centralized governance. Sustained international oversight remains necessary for stability.
Map
Topics
Persons
Mohammed Deif
Hossein Amir-Abdollahian
Ismail Haniyeh
Nicolás Maduro
Alexander Dugin
Scott Bessent
Ebrahim Raisi
Gadi Eisenkot
Reza Pahlavi
Articles
Event Timeline
U.S. arrests Nicolás Maduro
U.S. forces arrest Nicolás Maduro in Caracas, removing him from power through external intervention.
British Occupation of Hong Kong Island
British forces landed on Hong Kong Island and claimed it in the name of the Crown following the First Opium War.
Treaty of Nanking Signed
The Treaty of Nanking ended the First Opium War and ceded Hong Kong Island to Britain, formalizing its colonial status.
Kowloon Peninsula Ceded to Britain
The Convention of Peking ceded the southern part of the Kowloon Peninsula to Britain, extending colonial Hong Kong beyond the island.
British Lease of New Territories
Britain signed a 99-year lease with the Qing Empire, adding the New Territories and islands to colonial Hong Kong.
Kowloon Walled City Preserved
Britain leases the New Territories for 99 years but allows China to retain nominal control of the Kowloon Walled City.
Japanese Invasion of Hong Kong
Japan invades British Hong Kong, launching a bloody battle and three years of occupation.
Return to British Control
British forces retook control of Hong Kong from Japan after Japan’s surrender in World War II.
Die EU muss als geopolitische Macht aufsteigen
1.000 traurige Tage des Krieges in der Ukraine. Chinas Einfluss rückt immer weiter vor. Die USA wenden sich nach innen. Es ist Zeit, in Europa zu handeln.