2020-2022
From 2020 to 2022, China implemented a Zero-COVID policy aimed at eliminating domestic transmission through lockdowns, mass testing, travel controls, and centralized quarantine.
Background
Following the emergence of COVID-19, authorities adopted stringent containment measures
to suppress outbreaks. The policy relied on rapid lockdowns, digital tracking, and
extensive enforcement by local administrations. While early containment reduced
mortality, prolonged restrictions generated economic strain, social fatigue, and
governance challenges.
Legacy
– Temporarily suppressed viral transmission
– Imposed significant economic and social costs
– Exposed limits of prolonged emergency governance