Skip to content
Broad Horizon
  • Home
  • Sections
    • Geopolitics & Power
    • Trade & Development
    • Trust & Society
    • Demographics & Decline
    • Black & White
  • Index
  • #Ukraine
  • About

Memorandum on security assurances in connection with Ukraine’s accession to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons

EventBudapest Memorandum
PartiesRussia, Ukraine, United States, United Kingdom
Document StatusSigned Treaty
Date5 december 1994
FiledUnited Nations – registration 52241
Sourcehttps://treaties.un.org/Pages/showDetails.aspx?objid=0800000280401fbb

Appendix 1: Memorandum as on File

volume-3007-I-52241Download

Appendix 2: Registration File

COR-Reg-52241-Sr-65115Download

Featured

Read our first Journal Issue "After the War: The Eurasian Covenant".

First edition! It starts with a war, but also what's behind it. A possible outcome? We move trough conflict, language and suppression logic. Our focus is Europe in a Global World.

Open Journal Issue



Related

reportJun 27, 2025

Crimea Annexation by Russia

In the shadow of Ukraine’s Maidan uprising, Russian forces seized control of Crimea. What followed was a swift, illegal annexation — a violation of international norms that shattered post–Cold War assumptions and launched a new era of geopolitical confrontation.

reportNov 25, 2025

Budapest Memorandum – Ukraine’s Nuclear Gamble

In 1994, Ukraine surrendered the world's third-largest nuclear arsenal in exchange for security assurances. The Budapest Memorandum was a milestone in post-Soviet diplomacy - and later, a haunting example of broken promises.

reportApr 12, 2025

After the War: The Eurasian Covenant

“After the War: The Eurasian Covenant” is not a deal, nor a surrender — but a framework. A vision for lasting peace between Europe, Ukraine, and Russia rooted in dignity, realism, and historical awareness. As old alliances shift and global power balances evolve, this proposal outlines a European-led path forward: balancing security, rebuilding trust, and preparing for a post-hegemonic world. A beginning — before it’s too late.

vestigiaJul 24, 2025

Events that led to the war in Ukraine – a timeline

A 1.000 Years Struggle for An Autonomous National Identity.

reportJul 12, 2025

The Kissinger Files: Brezhnev-Kissinger Summit (Moscow 1973)

Inside the Pivotal Summit of Détente

Support Us

About Us

  • About
  • Contact & Support
  • Our Methods

Journal Issue

This article is part of Journal Issue "After the War: The Eurasian Covenant".

First edition! It starts with a war, but also what's behind it. A possible outcome? We move trough conflict, language and suppression logic. Our focus is Europe in a Global World.

Open Journal Issue

Content

2026?

Eurasian Peace Talks

13 April 2025

Attack on Sumy, at Palm Sunday, 2025

Late November 2025

Battle for Pokrovsk

26-28 November 2025

Wang Fuk Court Fire in Tai Po, Hong Kong

March 18, 2014

Crimea Annexation by Russia

2004-11-21

The Orange Revolution – Ukraine’s Peaceful Uprising

1994-12-05

Budapest Memorandum – Ukraine’s Nuclear Gamble

August 24, 1991

Ukraine’s Declaration of Independence

1991-12-25

Collapse of the Soviet Union – The End of an Empire

1955-05-14

Warsaw Pact Formation – The Eastern Bloc Unites

Can Europe Imagine Peace on its Own Terms?

This Item

BROAD HORIZON | The Ever Closer Story - © 2025 Broad Horizon
An Independent Non-Profit Initiative