Hamas military commander; led planning of the 7 October 2023 attack on Israel. Survived
multiple Israeli assassination attempts. Coordinates military operations with Yahya
Sinwar and Ismail Haniyeh.

1. Origins & Formation

Joined Hamas in the 1980s; rose through the military wing.

2. Rise to Influence

Became Qassam Brigades chief; survived several Israeli strikes; rarely seen in public.

3. Role in 7 October 2023

Central to planning and execution of the Hamas attack that triggered the Gaza war.