Black Sea
Intro
Ports from Constanța and Odessa to Samsun and Batumi connect to the Med via Bosporus/Dardanelles. Pipelines (e.g., TurkStream) and subsea cables add strategic value. Littoral economies depend on bulk, containers, shipbuilding, and tourism.
Background
NATO presence and Russian posture militarized parts of the basin. The war in Ukraine created mines, blockades, and temporary grain routes. Environmental stress requires joint mitigation under low trust.
History
- Antiquity: Greek colonies and trade – Modern: Montreux regime defines naval access – 2022-: Conflict impacts on shipping and grain exports
Present Day
Future Outlook
Baseline is persistent contestation with adaptive trade. Investments in resilient ports, traffic IT, and energy transit will shape the recovery curve.
Map
Articles
Why would Hamas say No to the Ceasefire Agreement?
A ceasefire is currently being negotiated between Hamas and Israel, but Hamas resists acceptance. Despite being at a disadvantage in the conflict, Hamas potentially benefits from growing public dissatisfaction with Israel as the conflict prolongs. Increased international involvement and UNHWR fund unlocks might change the dynamics. However, civilians in Gaza and Israeli hostages are the true sufferers in this ongoing strife.
Monthly Report on influx of Asylum Seekers in Germany – February 2024
Most Asylum Seekers originated from Syria (30%) and 55% from the Total originates from Middle East Countries.
Monthly Report on influx of Asylum Seekers in The Netherlands – February 2024
With 2.480 Asylum Seekers in February, the amount is lower than in January. Most asylum seekers come from Syria (32%) and almost 60% of the total come from the Middle East.
Monthly Report on influx of Asylum Seekers in Germany – January 2024
In January most Asylum Seekers originated from Syria (27%) and 53% from the Total originates from Middle East Countries.
Monthly Report on influx of Asylum Seekers in The Netherlands – January 2024
Most asylum seekers come from Syria (38%) and almost 60% of the total come from the Middle East. The global trend is upward.
Event Timeline
U.S. arrests Nicolás Maduro
U.S. forces arrest Nicolás Maduro in Caracas, removing him from power through external intervention.
British Occupation of Hong Kong Island
British forces landed on Hong Kong Island and claimed it in the name of the Crown following the First Opium War.
Treaty of Nanking Signed
The Treaty of Nanking ended the First Opium War and ceded Hong Kong Island to Britain, formalizing its colonial status.
Kowloon Peninsula Ceded to Britain
The Convention of Peking ceded the southern part of the Kowloon Peninsula to Britain, extending colonial Hong Kong beyond the island.
British Lease of New Territories
Britain signed a 99-year lease with the Qing Empire, adding the New Territories and islands to colonial Hong Kong.
Kowloon Walled City Preserved
Britain leases the New Territories for 99 years but allows China to retain nominal control of the Kowloon Walled City.
Japanese Invasion of Hong Kong
Japan invades British Hong Kong, launching a bloody battle and three years of occupation.
Return to British Control
British forces retook control of Hong Kong from Japan after Japan’s surrender in World War II.
